Ans:-
- The Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India distributes legislative powers between the Union and the States through three lists:
- Union List: -100 subjects (originally 97) like defence, foreign affairs, banking—only Parliament can legislate.
- State List :- 61 subjects (originally 66) like police, public health, agriculture—State legislatures have exclusive power.
- Concurrent List:- 52 subjects like education, forests, marriage—both can legislate; in case of conflict, Union law prevails.
-Thus, it establishes a federal system with a strong unitary bias.